With the rapid progress of industrialization in various countries and the rapid expansion of urban population, one of the major problems brought to urban management is: the rapid increase of urban garbage and industrial waste has caused serious pollution to the urban natural environment and the living environment of residents, which leads to People’s work and life as well as people’s mental state are seriously adversely affected. Therefore, proper disposal of municipal waste and industrial waste has become an urgent problem to be solved in urban management.
In recent years, countries around the world have successively invested a lot of manpower, material resources and funds, actively researched and developed various treatment measures, and actively researched and developed various treatment measures in order to alleviate the serious adverse effects of the increasing urban domestic waste and industrial waste on urban management and residents’ lives. A variety of ways have not only accumulated rich successful experience, but also achieved good results, greatly reducing the land for garbage disposal, and can realize the reuse of some resources, turning waste into treasure, in order to improve urban health and safety. Strengthening environmental management has created favorable conditions and provided a basic guarantee for the creation of a civilized city.
Mechanical grate incinerator is a type of waste incinerator developed earlier. After long-term development, the technology has become more and more perfect, and the operation reliability is high. more than 80% of the amount. The advantage of this type of furnace is that the technology is mature, the operation is stable, reliable, and the adaptability is wide. Most of the solid waste can be directly burned into the furnace without any pretreatment.
1. Introduction of mechanical grate waste incinerator
The grate of the mechanical grate waste incinerator is divided into three areas: drying area, combustion area and ember area. Under the action of the pusher, the garbage first enters the drying area, and through the action of the grate, the garbage moves forward on the grate to the combustion area, and finally reaches the burning area.
The mechanical grate is divided into fixed grate, sliding grate and turning grate. The reciprocating motion of the grate is driven by a hydraulic linkage mechanism, and the relative movement between the fixed grate and the turning grate pushes the garbage to roll up, making the garbage roll upward. It is evenly mixed in the process of moving, which is conducive to fire and combustion.
The primary air is blown in from the back of the grate sheet through the horizontal holes set at the front. The sides of the grate pieces are finished. Each row of grate pieces is fixedly assembled with each other to form a whole, and air cannot pass through the gap. This design can effectively reduce the amount of ash leakage and avoid any possibility of being lifted. Each row of grate is separated by refractory iron castings with special shapes. The grate pieces and the separated cast iron castings are heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant castings containing alloy elements such as Cr, Ni, and Mo, and have a long service life.
The side and upper surfaces of the grate pieces are finished to avoid wear effectively. At the same time, there is a reasonable expansion gap between the movable grate and the fixed grate and the side wall to ensure that the grate will not rub against the side wall during operation. Due to the reasonable selection of grate material and structural design, the overall service life of the grate can reach 80,000 hours.
2. Working principle of mechanical grate waste incinerator
The garbage enters the inclined downward grate through the feeding hopper (the grate is divided into a drying area, a combustion area, and a burn-out area). (When the garbage enters from one area to another, it plays a big turn over) until it burns out and is discharged from the furnace. Combustion air enters from the lower part of the grate and mixes with the garbage. The high-temperature flue gas passes through the heating surface of the boiler to generate hot steam, and the flue gas is also cooled. Finally, the flue gas is treated by the flue gas treatment device and discharged.
